that he said: “Learning speculative theology is like learning effeminate behavior: the more a person learns, the more corrupt he becomes.”

It is related that ʿAbd al-Malik ibn al-Mājishūn advised a man, saying: “Beware of speculative theology, for its first steps lead to an evil end.”

It is related that Yazīd ibn Hārūn said: “Were I to engage in speculative theology, I could not be sure that I would not introduce religious innovation.” He also said: “Whoever engages in speculative theology introduces religious innovation. Had the Murjiʾah remained silent, they would not have introduced innovations.” And he said: “The Murjiʾah were the voice of Ahl al-Sunnah until they went to extremes.”

We ask Allah for protection. All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May Allah send blessings and peace upon Muhammad, his family and his Companions.