the hypocrites. Such names must not, in themselves, be grounds for praise or blame except on the basis of what the Quran praises or condemns. For it is Allah Most High whose praise confers honor and whose condemnation brings disgrace. These names serve only for identification, like tribal names. No one may show unconditional allegiance or enmity toward someone bearing these names, unless the person so designated is indeed such according to Islamic law, as with a hypocrite or a heretic. For such conduct amounts to following desires or splitting into factions in religion. Rather,