the Throne—that He has not risen above it.”

Al-Bukhārī said, “Ismā‘īl ibn Abī Uways used to call them ‘the heretics of Iraq.’ He was asked, ‘Have you heard anyone say that the Quran is created?’ He replied, ‘Those are the heretics.’”

Al-Bukhārī said, “I have examined the words of the Jews, Christians, and Magians, and I have never seen any people more astray in their disbelief than these. Indeed, I consider anyone who does not declare them disbelievers ignorant, except someone who is unaware of their disbelief.”

He also quoted Abd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak as saying, “We certainly recount the words of the Jews and Christians, but we cannot recount the words of the Jahmiyya.”