that faith consists of acknowledgment of Allah and His messengers and whatever reason requires to be done. Whatever reason permits to be left undone is not part of faith.

The sixth group of the Murji’ah claim that faith consists of knowledge of Allah, His messengers, and His agreed-upon obligations, submission to Him in all of this, and verbal acknowledgment. Whoever is ignorant of any of this and has had proof established against him, or has been made aware of it but does not acknowledge it, is an unbeliever. They do not call each of these qualities faith, as we have related concerning Abū Shimr.

They claim that when the qualities constituting faith are present, each of them is an act of obedience. But if one quality is fulfilled while another is not, it is not an act of obedience—just as knowledge of Allah, when unaccompanied by acknowledgment, is not an act of obedience; just as knowledge of Allah, when unaccompanied by acknowledgment, is not an act of obedience—for Allah has commanded faith as a whole in a single command.