is like that. If, however, it has some extension in all six directions, or in any one of them, this entails that it is a composite composed of two or more parts. The most anyone could argue is that those parts cannot be separated or dissolved. Yet this does not prevent it from being, in itself, composite and composed of parts. Likewise, a philosopher says that the celestial sphere is a body, but that it cannot be split apart and rejoined; this does not prevent him from believing it to be a body possessing length, breadth, and depth.

It is thus established that, since these Karrāmiyyah believe that He, exalted is He, occupies a particular spatial region and direction and can be pointed to through sensory perception, and believe that He, exalted is He, is not like an indivisible atom or an indivisible point in smallness and insignificance, they must also believe that He, exalted is He, has extension in all directions or in some of them. Anyone who says this thereby believes that He, exalted is He, is composite and composed of parts. Thus, his refusal to apply the term ‘composed’