If he claims that Allah created creation within Himself, he has disbelieved by claiming that He created jinn, humans, devils, and Iblīs within Himself. If he says that He created them outside Himself and then entered into them, this too is disbelief, since he claims that He is in every place and every filthy, foul privy. If he says that He created them outside Himself and did not then enter into them, he has abandoned his position altogether. This is the position of Ahl al-Sunnah.”

This argument presented by Imam Ahmad rests on the fact that He must be either separate from creation or within it. As explained earlier, this is known through the innate, necessary understanding of reason. The Jahmiyyah themselves are often compelled to concede it, because their hearts instinctively reject any alternative to these two possibilities, and others likewise reject their claim to such an alternative.