and others. This is also the position of groups among the Hanbalīs, Mālikīs, Shāfi'īs, and Hanafīs, such as Abū al-Hasan al-Tamīmī, his son Abū al-Fadl, Rizq Allāh al-Tamīmī, al-Sharīf Abū 'Alī ibn Abī Mūsā, al-Qādī Abū Ya'lā, al-Sharīf Abū Ja'far, Abū al-Wafā' ibn 'Aqīl, and Abū