intending thereby to declare Allah’s speech created is, in their view, one of the Jahmiyyah, and they regard a Jahmī as an unbeliever.”

He went on to say: “They accept and affirm the hadiths authentically reported from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, concerning the Throne and Allah’s establishment over it, without specifying how or likening Him to His creation. Allah is distinct from His creation, and His creation is distinct from Him. He neither dwells within them nor mingles with them. He is established over His Throne in His heaven, not on His earth.”

He also mentioned the remaining beliefs of the predecessors and their consensus on them. Yahyā ibn ‘Ammār al-Sijistānī said in his epistle, which contains the following: