concerning His distinctness. If you say, “My opponent concedes this to me,” he concedes only the absence of a shared location that consists in distinctness in direction. As for denying a shared location without distinctness in direction, your opponent regards this as neither intelligible nor true. He therefore does not concede that He shares no location with the world on this assumption, and you have offered no argument for it. Thus, the distinctness you have asserted is established neither by proof nor by concession, so your argument is valid neither in rational inquiry nor in debate.

The seventh point is this: This is one of the most difficult issues for the Jahmiyyah. Having denied that He is distinct from the world in direction, some of them also held that He does not share a location with it, as this author has stated. This is the well-known position of