Thus it is clear that what he used to weaken the argument actually strengthened it, for customs common to all nations are among the greatest and soundest customs. Humanity’s failings do not arise from what people agree upon, for they agree only upon truth; rather, their failings arise from their divisions and disagreements. As Allah Most High says:

“They will continue to differ {118}, except those on whom your Lord has mercy.” [Hūd 118–119]

This is why they are innately disposed to acknowledge the Creator and devote their worship to Him. What they agree upon is therefore true, but they have become divided through associating partners with Him: each people has its own opinions and desires by which it differs from others. Allah Most High says:

“So set your face toward the religion, inclining to the truth, in accordance with the natural disposition Allah has instilled in mankind. There is no changing Allah’s creation. That is the upright religion, but most people do not know {30}. Turn to Him in repentance, fear Him, establish prayer, and do not be among those who associate partners with Him {31}—those who divided their religion and became sects, each faction rejoicing in what it has {32}.” [al-Rūm 30–32]

This is also why Allah describes His Prophet and his community as enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. What is right is what hearts naturally seek and desire when they recognize it; what is wrong is what they hate and abhor when they recognize it. Thus, if humanity agrees upon this custom, which involves raising upward toward Allah when supplicating, and this entails their directing their intention toward the God who is there, then this is among the most universally recognized forms of right among all humanity.