an anonymous line of poetry, not composed by any known poet whose words could serve as authoritative evidence. If being established here meant taking possession, the statement would convey nothing of significance, for Allah’s dominion and power already encompass everything: every region and place in the heavens and the earth, and everything beneath the soil. What purpose, then, would singling out the Throne serve?

Moreover, taking possession properly applies when access to something has been prevented; once it is secured, one is said to have taken possession of it. What obstruction was there, then, for Him to be described as taking possession afterward? Likewise, if He were everywhere, as they claim, there would be no purpose in singling out the Throne. Thus, the meaning can only be what revelation indicates.

If it is said, “Attributing the Throne to Him is like attributing the House to Him. Just as He did not make the House to dwell in it, He likewise did not make the Throne to be upon it and establish Himself over it,” the reply is: “The Throne is not like the House in the respect you mention. Houses are built as rooms, ordinarily to provide protection against heat, cold, and similar forms of harm. Allah is exalted above such attributes. Thrones and royal seats, however, are adopted only as means of displaying majesty and greatness. Your analogy equating the two is therefore invalid.”