Ibn al-Bāqillānī because of the innovation of al-Ashʿarī attributed to him. Certain events ensued, reports of which have reached us only in outline, not in detail. Ibn al-Bāqillānī composed his well-known book refuting those who attribute to al-Ashʿarī views contrary to his own statements.

Sultan Mahmūd ibn Sabuktakīn adopted a similar policy in his realm and went further by ordering that the adherents of innovation be cursed from the pulpits. Thus the Jahmiyyah, Rāfidah, Harūriyyah, Muʿtazilah, and Qadariyyah were cursed, as were the Ashʿariyyah, until this gave rise to dispute and strife between the Shāfiʿīs