discussion of this on more than one occasion, including this man’s admission that direction and spatial location are not existent entities, and that beyond the world there is nothing but sheer nonexistence. How, then, can it be said that the elevation of sheer nonexistence is more perfect than the Creator’s elevation? Sheer nonexistence has no reality whatsoever and no existence. Indeed, even the most contemptible and lowliest thing in the world is better than it. It cannot be described as spatially high or low, or anything of the kind.

The second response concerns his statement: “Supposing that Allah’s Essence were to be to the right or left of the world, He would not be described as being above the world, whereas that direction cannot be conceived as existing without this elevation.”

He should be told: You have already established that the world is spherical. If that is so, it has neither a right nor a left; rather, it has only the direction of its convex surface, which encompasses it. Since the Creator is outside the world, He cannot be anywhere but above the world.