as noted earlier. For disagreement over His being upon the Throne exists both among those who affirm that He is a body and among those who deny it. Of those who say that He is a body, some say that He is above the Throne, while others say that He is everywhere in His Essence, or that He extends in all directions without limit. Likewise, of those who say that He is not a body, some say that He is upon the Throne; others say that He is in every place, finite or infinite; and still others say that He is neither within the world nor outside it.

Thus, there are four positions regarding His being exclusively above the Throne: that He is above the Throne and is a body; that He is above the Throne and is not a body—although the distinguished among Ahl al-Sunnah neither affirm nor deny that He is a body—and that He is not above the Throne and is not