an analogy by which they establish falsehood—without Allah bringing, through what He sent the messengers with, the truth and an analogy that better explains, reveals, and clarifies the truth.

Likewise, the innate, self-evident arguments showing that the founder’s position entails Allah’s nonexistence are not only true; they also explain, clarify, and elucidate the point at issue better than this analogy of his, by which he argues that describing Him as being high and above entails describing Him as being low and below.

The same applies to someone’s saying, “This would mean that He is one of the celestial spheres.” They may be answered: “You have assigned each sphere a distinct intellect, with the spheres situated one above another. You have said that each sphere has an intellect and a soul, until the sequence culminates in the active intellect associated with this sphere