And this is completed by the fourth response, which is to say: If the Creator is above the world, and you say that this necessarily implies that He is below some people, why do you claim that this is impossible? You have offered neither rational nor scriptural evidence for its impossibility. Even supposing that this were an imperfection, on your own view there is nothing among the rational proofs that rules out imperfection in Allah Most High. Yet both reason and revelation establish that this is no imperfection; rather, it is the utmost perfection and encompasses all things, as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, explained.

As for his statement, “This is invalid by agreement between us and our opponent,” the fifth response is: Such an argument is unacceptable, as you yourself stated in your Nihāyah when classifying the weak methods used in the fundamentals of religion. Among these you mentioned arguing from an opponent’s concessions: inferring from the opponent’s agreement in one case that he must agree in the other, on the basis of a necessary connection between them adduced by