once, whether it is supposed that the Throne lies beneath some people, that the heavens lie beneath some people, or neither. There are several grounds for this. First, his statement, “If the earth is spherical, then the direction that is above relative to the inhabitants of the east is below relative to the inhabitants of the west. Thus, if the Creator were in a particular direction, He would be below relative to some people,” may be answered as follows: When you invoked the astronomical considerations you mentioned, you ought to have given the full account of what the astronomers themselves say and what everyone knows. For there is no disagreement among them, or among any of the children of