And they said: “This is a judgment of supposition and imagination, or of sense perception and supposition.”

We have explained more than once above that the statements of these opponents of theirs are further from error in matters of reason and religion. They themselves are in greater conflict with what is known through reason’s necessary judgments, self-evident truths, and innate disposition than these opponents, who affirm that Allah is upon the Throne while agreeing with them in denying that He is a body.

We have already drawn attention to the fundamental basis of these opponents’ position: even if many who agree with them that Allah is upon the Throne, or that He is not a body, say that this position is contradictory and accuse them of inconsistency on this point, those who negate the attributes are still more inconsistent. They are in greater conflict with what is necessarily known through reason and religion, and depart further from knowledge derived from revelation and reason.

Undoubtedly, these opponents’ statements contain arguments that can be invoked by those who affirm limits, magnitude, spatial location, and direction, as well as arguments that can be invoked by those who deny corporeality, spatial location, and direction. Hence it has been said that they contradict themselves, or that they hold two positions.