is recognized by the innate disposition. Such a being is undoubtedly more insignificant than an indivisible atom. Thus, your statement necessarily entails that the Creator is nonexistent and more insignificant than an indivisible atom. The scholars of the early generations and the leading authorities of the religion agreed that the Jahmiyyah’s claim that He is neither above the Throne, nor inside the world, nor outside it entails that He is nonexistent, having neither reality nor existence. They explicitly stated this in numerous places. Every sound innate disposition likewise recognizes this.

If you wish to show that his position entails the Creator’s nonexistence without basing the argument on magnitude, then we say:

The twenty-third point: If sound innate dispositions, untainted by blind adherence to a doctrine they partisanly defend, are presented with something that is neither inside the world nor outside it, that cannot be pointed to or perceived by the senses, and that is in none of the six directions, the innate disposition judges that such a thing cannot exist, but must be nonexistent. This is so before the question of spatial location and magnitude, whether affirmed or denied, even enters a person’s mind. If it is subsequently understood that whatever exists—or that such a thing—must occupy space and have magnitude, this would be a further necessary consequence confirming the position of this system’s founder’s opponent.