Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

a composite, divisible body, it need not follow that He is a composite, divisible body—unless every living, knowing, powerful being must be a composite, divisible body. They make the same reply to anyone who says that His life, knowledge, and power are accidents.

These people likewise address anyone who concedes the affirmation of the attributes, saying: If that which subsists in another—such as life, knowledge, and power—is not, in your view, an accident, even though it shares these characteristics with all other attributes, then likewise that which subsists in itself need not be a composite, divisible body, even though it shares with other self-subsisting beings the characteristics you have mentioned.

There is no difference whatsoever between the two cases. For what is known of that which subsists in itself is that it is a body, and of that which subsists in another, that it is an accident. Moreover, that which subsists in itself must have one part distinguishable from another, while that which subsists in another must depend upon the subject in which it inheres. Thus, if you affirm something subsisting in another that differs in this respect from what is known of the condition of that which subsists in itself, you are likewise obliged to affirm something subsisting in itself that differs from what is known of the condition of self-subsisting beings.

In sum, He, glorified is He, subsists in Himself, is distinct from all else, has names, and is described by attributes. If His being immense and great entails His being like other immense and great beings in necessarily admitting division

ما هو جسم مركب منقسم لم يجب أن يكون جسمًا مركبًا منقسمًا إلا إذا كان وجب أن يكون كل حي عليم قدير جسمًا مركبًا منقسمًا وكذلك يقولون لمن يقول إن حياته وعلمه وقدرته أعراض وكذلك يقول هؤلاء لمن يسلم إثبات الصفات فيقال إذا كان القائم بغيره من الحياة والعلم والقدرة وإن شارك سائر الصفات في هذه الخصائص ولم يكن عندك عرضًا فكذلك القائم بنفسه وإن شارك غيره من القائمين بأنفسهم فيما ذكرته لم يجب أن يكون جسمًا مركبًا منقسمًا ولا فرق بين البابين بحال فإن المعلوم من القائم بنفسه أنه جسم ومن القائم بغيره أنه عرض وأن القائم بنفسه لابد أن يتميز منه شيء عن شيء والقائم بغيره لابد أن يحتاج إلى محله فإذا أثبت قائمًا بغيره يخالف ما علم من حال القائم بنفسه في ذلك فكذلك لزمه أن يثبت قائمًا بنفسه يخالف ما علم من حال القائمين بأنفسهم وجماع الأمر أنه سبحانه قائم بنفسه متميز عن غيره وله أسماء وهو موصوف بصفات فإن كان كونه عظيمًا وكبيرًا موجبًا لأن يكون كغيره من العظماء الكبراء في وجوب الانقسام

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