by anyone, nor has any Muslim objected to their holding it.”

Abū Umar ibn Abd al-Barr also said: “The scholars among the Companions and Successors from whom Quranic interpretation has been transmitted unanimously said, in interpreting His words,

‘There is no private conversation among three but He is their fourth, nor among five but He is their sixth’ [al-Mujādilah 7],

that He is upon the Throne, while His knowledge is everywhere. No one whose opinion carries authoritative weight disagreed with them on this.”

Abū Umar ibn Abd al-Barr also said: “Ahl al-Sunnah unanimously affirm all the attributes mentioned in the Quran and Sunnah, believe in them, and understand them in their real rather than figurative sense. They do not, however, specify the manner of any of these attributes or assign them a circumscribed description. As for the people of innovation, the Jahmiyyah, all the Muʿtazilah, and the Khawārij, they all deny them and understand none of them in their real sense. They claim that anyone who affirms them likens Allah to His creation, while they