this expression is not used in the scriptural texts, or because it is unqualified and does not make clear the true meaning intended: that He is over the Throne and above the world. Or it may be because its wording fails to convey the intended meaning or suggests a false meaning, such as His being encompassed by some created thing.

For many among the general body of those who deny the attributes—even those renowned as scholars, shaykhs, judges, or authors—may suppose that saying He is in heaven or in a direction means that the heavens surround and contain Him. Likewise, when someone says that He occupies a spatial location, they suppose that “spatial location” is meant in its ordinary linguistic sense: that He occupies a place within some part of His creation. They even attribute this to their opponents, whether deliberately or mistakenly. They may further narrow down that spatial location to the point of saying that Allah is in this particular spot or that particular place, and other such fabricated lies.

Moreover, among those who affirm the attributes are misguided people who say that Allah occupies a spatial location in this