Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

without qualification and the term “one who wills” is used, one who wills may will good, for which he is praised, or evil, for which he is blamed. Likewise, His names the All-Wise and the Truthful, among others, imply that He speaks. But if speech is considered without qualification and the term “speaker” is used, a speaker may speak truthfully and justly, or may speak falsely and unjustly.

Likewise, His name the First indicates that He precedes everything. But if the notion of precedence is considered and the term “ancient” is used, it can apply to anything that preceded something else, even if something else preceded it—as in “the old date stalk” and “an ancient falsehood.”

Likewise, His name the Real—indeed, all His names—indicates that He can be found by those who find Him. But if the term “existent” is taken without qualification, it indicates only that another finds Him; it does not indicate that He is real in Himself, even if there is no other to find Him. Likewise, expressions such as “an entity” or “something established” indicate only the shared meaning; they do not indicate

مطلقًا وقيل المريد فالمريد قد يريد خيرًا يحمد عليه وقد يريد شرًّا يُذم عليه وكذلك اسمه الحكيم والصادق وغيرهما يتضمن أنه متكلم فإذا أخذ الكلام مطلقًا وقيل متكلم فالمتكلم قد يتكلم بصدق وعدل وقد يتكلم بكذب وظلم وكذلك الاسم الأول يدل على أنه متقدم على كل شيء فإذا أخذ معنى التقدم وقيل قديم فإنه يقال على ما تقدم على غيره وإن تقدم غيره عليه كالعرجون القديم والإفك القديم وكذلك اسم الحق بل وسائر الأسماء تدل على أنه بحيث يجده الواجدون فإذا أخذ لفظ الموجود مطلقًا لم يدل إلا على أنه يجده غيره لم يدل على أنه حق في نفسه وإن لم يكن ثم غيره يجده وكذلك إذا قيل ذات أو ثابت ونحو ذلك لم يدل إلا على القدر المشترك لم يدل على

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