Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

be substantive. If they agree to call nothing light or heavy except what fits that description, then the dispute is merely verbal. But the dispute over whether the heavenly bodies could rise and fall were Allah not holding them in place by His power is substantive. As He says:

“Indeed, Allah holds the heavens and the earth lest they move from their places.” [Fātir 41]

And He says:

“And among His signs is that the heaven and the earth stand by His command.” [al-Rūm 25]

It is established in Sahīh Muslim, in the hadith narrated by Kurayb from Ibn ʿAbbās, from Juwayriyah bint al-Hārith

يكون معنويًّا إذا اصطلحوا على أنهم لا يسمون خفيفًا وثقيلاً إلاَّ ما هو كذلك فهو نزاع لفظي وأما النزاع في كون أجسام السموات يمكن صعودها وانخفاضها لولا أن الله يمسكها بقدرته كما قال إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ أَن تَزُولَا [فاطر ٤١] وقال وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَن تَقُومَ السَّمَاء وَالْأَرْضُ بِأَمْرِهِ [الروم ٢٥] فهذا نزاع معنوي وقد ثبت في صحيح مسلم من حديث كُرَيْبٍ عن ابن عباس عن جويرية بنت الحارث

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