al-Islām al-Ansārī, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Rahmān ibn Mahdī, who said: “I visited Mālik while a man was asking him about the Quran. Mālik said, ‘Perhaps you are one of the followers of ʿAmr ibn ʿUbayd. May Allah curse ʿAmr, for he introduced these innovations in speculative theology. Had speculative theology been a science, the Companions and Successors would have discussed it just as they discussed legal rulings and religious laws. But it is falsehood that points