Section

Al-Rāzī said: “Section Two: Setting out the scriptural proofs that Allah Most High is free of corporeality, spatial location, and direction.”

I say: In this section, he has not presented any argument that plainly supports his claim, let alone one that does so unequivocally. Rather, what he has cited may have no bearing at all on his claim. This will become clear when his arguments are set out.

He said: “The first argument is the statement of Allah Most High:

‘Say: He is Allah, the One {1}; Allah, the Eternal Refuge {2}. He neither begets nor is born {3}, nor is there anyone equivalent to Him {4}.’
[al-Ikhlās 1–4]”

He said: “Know that it is widely related in Quranic commentary that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about the essential nature of his Lord, His description and His attributes. He awaited the answer from Allah Most High, whereupon Allah revealed this surah. Having understood this, we say: This surah must be among