These deniers agree with Pharaoh in thus accusing Moses of lying.

The sixth point is that the position they call the doctrine of those who liken Allah to creation—indeed, even explicit likening—is found only among followers of divine scriptures, such as Jews and Muslims, as al-Rāzī mentioned concerning those among the Jews and Muslims who liken Allah to creation. As for those without a scripture, no such likening is known among them, whether of the kind for which its adherents are reproached or of the kind their opponents describe as likening.

It is well known that polytheism did not originate among the People of the Book, but among others. For Allah never sent a messenger or revealed a scripture except with the call to worship Him alone. As He, Most High, says:

“We certainly sent a messenger to every nation, saying, ‘Worship Allah and shun false gods.’ Among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom misguidance was deservedly decreed.” [al-Nahl 36]

And He, Most High, says:

“We never sent a messenger before you without revealing to him: ‘There is no deity except Me, so worship Me.’” {25} [al-Anbiyā’ 25]

And He, Most High, says:

“And ask those of Our messengers whom We sent before you: Have We appointed, besides the Most Merciful,