without specifying how, where there is no place.”

He also said: “Those who uphold the truth believe that Allah, glorified and exalted be He, is above the Throne in His essence, without contact, and that the Karrāmiyyah and those who follow them in affirming contact are astray.”

He said: “Our statement that Allah is above the Throne does not impose a limit on Him. Limits apply only to created things: everything from the Throne down to what lies beneath the earth is bounded. Allah, glorified and exalted be He, is above all that, where there is neither place nor limit. For we agree that Allah, exalted be He, existed when there was no place; then He created place, and He remains as He was before creating place.”

He said: “Only those who claim that He, glorified and exalted be He, is situated in a place affirm a limit. It is known that places are bounded; so if He were within them