al-Athram: Muhammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Qaysī narrated to us: I said to Ahmad ibn Hanbal, ‘It is related that Ibn al-Mubārak was asked, “How do we know our Lord?” He replied, “In the seventh heaven, upon His Throne, with a limit.”’ Ahmad said, ‘That is our view as well.’”

Al-Khallāl said: