groups except the scholars of hadith and the common people. These, together with the majority of the Shī‘ah, Murji’ah, Kullābiyyah and Ash‘ariyyah, affirm that Allah Most High is above the Throne and affirm the attributes conveyed in revelation, although some of them affirm corporeality, while others neither deny nor affirm it. As for an unqualified denial of these matters, he attributed it only to the Mu‘tazilah and the Khawārij. The Dirāriyyah, Bakriyyah and Najjāriyyah agree with them on some of these matters and with those who affirm them on others.

This doctrine, which he attributed to the Mu‘tazilah, is commonly known in the writings of the imams and hadith scholars as the doctrine of the Jahmiyyah. The imams attributed it to the one who originated these doctrines, introduced them as innovations, and called people to them. The Mu‘tazilah merely adopted them