among Hishām’s opponents who reported his views. They attributed to him various conflicting statements ill befitting him, yet I have not seen his followers deny these attributions. For example, al-Jāhiz reported from al-Nazzām that Hishām put forward five views likening Allah to created beings within a single year, categorically affirming in the last of them that his object of worship measured seven handspans by his own handspan. Abū ʿĪsā al-Warrāq related in his book