Al-Tafsīr al-Qayyim - Ibn al-Qayyim - (96)

Al-Tafsīr al-QayyimIbn al-Qayyim

and congregational prayers, helping those unable to help themselves, showing kindness to others, and similar deeds.

“You alone we worship” is a commitment to the requirements of these four categories and an affirmation of them. “You alone we ask for help” is a plea for assistance and divine enabling to fulfil them. “Guide us to the straight path” encompasses being taught these two matters in detail, being inspired to fulfil them, and following the path of those who journey to Allah through them.

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All the messengers called to “You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.” From the first to the last, they all called people to worship Allah alone. Noah said to his people:

“Worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.” (7:59)

Hūd, Sālih, and Shuʿayb said the same (7:65, 73, 85), as did Abraham. Allah Most High says:

“We certainly sent a messenger to every nation, saying, ‘Worship Allah and shun false gods.’” (16:36)

He also says:

“We never sent a messenger before you without revealing to him: ‘There is no god but Me, so worship Me.’” (21:25)

And Allah Most High says:

“O messengers, eat of good things and do righteous deeds. Indeed, I know all that you do. And indeed, this community of yours is one community, and I am your Lord, so fear Me.” (23:51, 52)

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Allah Most High has made servitude a distinguishing quality of the most perfect of His creatures and those nearest to Him. He says:

“The Messiah would never disdain to be a servant of Allah, nor would the angels brought near to Him. Whoever disdains His worship and acts arrogantly—He will gather them all to Himself.” (4:172)

He also says:

“Those who are with your Lord are not too proud to worship Him. They glorify Him and prostrate to Him.” (40:60)

This makes clear that the complete stop in His words, “To Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth” (21:19), falls here. One then begins:

“Those who are with Him are not too proud to worship Him, nor do they grow weary. They glorify Him night and day, never tiring.”

These are two complete, independent sentences. The first means that whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on earth belongs to Him as His servants and His possession. Then

والجماعات، ومساعدة العاجز، والإحسان إلى الخلق ونحو ذلك. فإياك نعبد: التزام لأحكام هذه الأربعة، وإقرار بها، و «إياك نستعين» طلب للاعانة عليها والتوفيق لها، و «اهْدِنَا الصِّراطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ» متضمن للتعريف بالأمرين على التفصيل، وإلهام القيام بهما، وسلوك طريق السالكين إلى الله بهما فصل وجميع الرسل إنما دعوا إلى «إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ» فإنهم كلهم دعوا إلى توحيد الله وعبادته، من أولهم إلى آخرهم. فقال نوح لقومه ٧: ٥٩ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ ما لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ وكذلك قال هود وصالح وشعيب ٧: ٦٥، ٧٣، ٨٥ وإبراهيم. قال الله تعالى: ١٦: ٣٦ وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولًا أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ وقال ٢١: ٢٥ وَما أَرْسَلْنا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِ وقال تعالى: ٢٣: ٥١، ٥٢ يا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّباتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صالِحاً إِنِّي بِما تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ، وَإِنَّ هذِهِ أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاتَّقُونِ. فصل والله تعالى جعل العبودية وصف أكمل خلقه، وأقربهم إليه. فقال: ٤: ١٧٢نْ يَسْتَنْكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْداً لِلَّهِ، وَلَا الْمَلائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ. وَمَنْ يَسْتَنْكِفْ عَنْ عِبادَتِهِ وَيَسْتَكْبِرْ فَسَيَحْشُرُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ جَمِيعاً وقال ٤٠: ٦٠ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبادَتِهِ وَيُسَبِّحُونَهُ وَلَهُ يَسْجُدُونَ وهذا يبين أن الوقف التام في قوله ٢١: ١٩ وَلَهُ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ هاهنا، ثم يبتدئ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبادَتِهِ وَلا يَسْتَحْسِرُونَ. يُسَبِّحُونَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهارَ لا يَفْتُرُونَ فهما جملتان تامتان مستقلتان: أي إن له من في السموات ومن في الأرض عبيدا وملكا. ثم