Al-Tafsīr al-Qayyim - Ibn al-Qayyim - (78)

Al-Tafsīr al-QayyimIbn al-Qayyim

is for Allah, and their hatred is for Allah. Their dealings, outwardly and inwardly, are solely for Allah’s sake. They seek neither reward nor thanks from people, nor prestige among them, nor their praise or esteem, nor escape from their blame. Rather, they regard people as they do the inhabitants of graves: powerless to bring them harm or benefit, death, life, or resurrection. Acting for their sake, seeking prestige and standing with them, and looking to them as a source of harm or benefit can never come from someone who truly knows them. It comes only from someone ignorant of their true condition and ignorant of his Lord. Whoever knows people accords them their proper place. Whoever knows Allah sincerely dedicates to Him his deeds and words, his giving and withholding, his love and hatred. No one directs his deeds toward any created being rather than Allah except out of ignorance of Allah and of His creation. Otherwise, once he knows Allah and knows people, he prefers to direct his deeds toward Allah rather than toward them.

Likewise, all their deeds and acts of worship conform to Allah’s commands and to what He loves and is pleased with. This is the only kind of deed Allah accepts from anyone. It is for this that He tests His servants through death and life. Allah Most High says:

“He who created death and life to test you as to which of you is best in deeds.” 67:2

He has also made whatever is on earth an adornment for it, to test which of them is best in deeds. Al-Fudayl ibn ‘Iyād «1» said, “The best deed is the most sincere and the most correct.” They asked, “Abū ‘Alī, what does ‘the most sincere and the most correct’ mean?” He replied, “If a deed is sincere but not correct, it is not accepted. If it is correct but not sincere, it is not accepted, until it is both sincere and correct. A sincere deed is one done for Allah, and a correct deed is one that accords with the Sunnah.”

This is what is mentioned in the words of Allah Most High:

“So whoever hopes to meet his Lord, let him do righteous deeds and associate no one in the worship of his Lord.” 18:110

(1) He is Abū ʿAlī al-Fudayl ibn ʿIyād al-Tamīmī al-Marwazī, the ascetic imam and eminent scholar. Ibn al-Mubārak said of him: “No one better than al-Fudayl ibn ʿIyād remains on earth.” He came to Kufa as a young man and studied hadith under Mansūr and other scholars of his generation. Sharīk the judge said: “Al-Fudayl is an authority for the people of his time.” Ibn Nāsir al-Dīn said: “Al-Fudayl ibn ʿIyād ibn Masʿūd ibn Bishr, Abū ʿAlī al-Tamīmī al-Yarbūʿī al-Marwazī, was the imam of the Sacred Sanctuary, Shaykh al-Islām, and a model for eminent scholars. Al-Shāfiʿī, Yahyā al-Qattān, and others transmitted hadith from him. He was a godly imam of great stature, trustworthy, noble, devout, ascetic, and venerable. He died in 187 AH.” (See Shadharāt al-Dhahab.)

لله، وبغضهم لله. فمعاملتهم ظاهرا وباطنا لوجه الله وحده. لا يريدون بذلك من الناس جزاء ولا شكورا، ولا ابتغاء الجاه عندهم، ولا طلب المحمدة، والمنزلة في قلوبهم، ولا هربا من ذمهم. بل قد عدوا الناس بمنزلة أصحاب القبور، لا يملكون لهم ضرا ولا نفعا، ولا موتا ولا حياة ولا نشورا. فالعمل لأجل هؤلاء، وابتغاء الجاه والمنزلة عندهم، ورجائهم للضر والنفع منهم، لا يكون من عارف بهم البتة، بل من جاهل بشأنهم، وجاهل بربه، فمن عرف الناس أنزلهم منازلهم. ومن عرف الله أخلص له أعماله وأقواله، وعطاءه ومنعه وحبه وبغضه، ولا يعامل أحد الخلق دون الله إلا لجهله بالله وجهله بالخلق، وإلا فإذا عرف الله وعرف الناس آثر معاملة الله على معاملتهم، وكذلك أعمالهم كلها وعباداتهم موافقة لأمر الله، ولما يحبه ويرضاه، وهذا هو العمل الذي لا يقبل الله من عامل سواه. وهو الذي بلا عباده بالموت والحياة لأجله. قال الله تعالى ٦٧: ٢ الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَالْحَياةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا وجعل ما على الأرض زينة لها ليختبرهم أيهم أحسن عملا، قال الفضيل بن عياض «١» : هو أخلصه وأصوبه. قالوا يا أبا على: ما أخلصه وأصوبه؟ قال: إن العمل إذا كان خالصا ولم يكن صوابا. لم يقبل. وإذا كان صوابا ولم يكن خالصا لم يقبل، حتى يكون خالصا صوابا، والخالص: ما كان لله، والصواب: ما كان على السنة. وهذا هو المذكور في قوله تعالى ١٨: ١١٠ فَمَنْ كانَ يَرْجُوا لِقاءَ رَبِّهِ فَلْيَعْمَلْ عَمَلًا صالِحاً، وَلا يُشْرِكْ بِعِبادَةِ رَبِّهِ أَحَداً.

(١) هو ابو على الفضيل بن عياض التميمي المروزي الزاهد الإمام أحد العلماء الأعلام، قال فيه ابن المبارك: ما بقي على ظهر الأرض أفضل من الفضيل بن عياض وكان قد قدم الكوفة شابا فحمل عن منصور وطبقته، قال شريك القاضي: فضيل حجة لأهل زمانه، وقال ابن ناصر الدين: الفضيل بن عياض بن مسعود بن بشر أبو علي التميمي اليربوعي المروزي إمام الحرم شيخ الإسلام قدوة الأعلام حدث عنه الشافعي ويحيى القطان وغيرهما وكان إماما ربانيا كبير الشأن ثقة نبيلا عابدا زاهدا جليلا توفي في عام سنة سبع وثمانين ومائة. (انظر شذرات الذهب) .