Al-Tafsīr al-Qayyim - Ibn al-Qayyim - (654)

Al-Tafsīr al-QayyimIbn al-Qayyim

But none is granted this except those who are patient, and none is granted it except one blessed with a great share of good. And if a prompting from Satan should stir you, seek refuge in Allah. Indeed, He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.”

He also says:

28: 54 “They will be given their reward twice over because they have been patient, repel evil with good, and spend from what We have provided them.”

Consider the Prophet ﷺ when his people struck him until he bled. He began wiping away the blood, saying, “O Allah, forgive my people, for they do not know.” Consider how, in these few words, he combined four forms of kindness in response to their grievous mistreatment of him.

The first was pardoning them; the second, seeking forgiveness for them; the third, making allowance for them because they did not know; and the fourth, appealing for compassion towards them by identifying them as his own people. He said, “Forgive my people,” just as someone interceding for a person connected to him might say, “This is my son; this is my servant; this is my companion—so spare him for my sake.”

Now listen to what makes this easy for the soul, endears it to it, and makes it a source of delight.

Know that you have sins between you and Allah whose consequences you fear. You hope that He will pardon them, forgive you for them, and remit them for you. Yet He does not stop at pardon and forgiveness: He also bestows blessings and honour upon you, bringing you benefits and kindness beyond anything you hope for. If this is what you hope for from your Lord, and you wish Him to respond to your wrongdoing in this way, how much more fitting and proper it is for you to treat His creation likewise and respond in this way to their mistreatment of you, so that Allah may treat you in the same manner. For recompense corresponds to deeds: just as you deal with people when they wrong you, so Allah will deal with you concerning your sins and wrongdoing—a fitting recompense. With that in mind, take revenge or pardon; show kindness or refrain. As you deal with others, so will you be dealt with; and as you treat His servants, so will He treat you.

Whoever grasps this meaning and occupies his thoughts with it will find it easy to show kindness to those who mistreat him.

وَما يُلَقَّاها إِلَّا الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا. وَما يُلَقَّاها إِلَّا ذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍ. وَإِمَّا يَنْزَغَنَّكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ نَزْغٌ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ. إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ وقال: ٢٨: ٥٤ أُولئِكَ يُؤْتَوْنَ أَجْرَهُمْ مَرَّتَيْنِ بِما صَبَرُوا، وَيَدْرَؤُنَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ. وَمِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ. وتأمل حال النبي ﷺ إذ ضربه قومه حتى أدموه. فجعل يسلت الدم عنه، ويقول «اللهم اغفر لقومي فإنهم لا يعلمون» كيف جمع في هذه الكلمات أربع مقامات من الإحسان، قابل بها إساءتهم العظيمة إليه؟. أحدها: عفوه عنهم. والثاني: استغفاره لهم. والثالث: اعتذاره عنهم بأنهم لا يعلمون. والرابع: استعطافه لهم بإضافتهم إليه. فقال «اغفر لقومي» كما يقول الرجل لمن يشفع عنده فيمن يتصل به. هذا ولدي: هذا غلامي. هذا صاحبي، فهبه لي. واسمع الآن ما الذي يسهل هذا على النفس، ويطيبه إليها وينعمها به. اعلم أن لك ذنوبا بينك وبين الله، تخاف عواقبها، وترجوه أن يعفو عنها ويغفرها لك ويهبها لك. ومع هذا لا يقتصر على مجرد العفو والمسامحة، حتى ينعم عليك ويكرمك، ويجلب إليك من المنافع والإحسان فوق ما تؤمله. فإذا كنت ترجو هذا من ربك، وتحب أن يقابل به إساءتك، فما أولاك وأجدرك أن تعامل به خلقه، وتقابل به إساءتهم؟ ليعاملك الله تلك المعاملة. فإن الجزاء من جنس العمل فكما تعمل مع الناس في إساءتهم في حقك يفعل الله معك في ذنوبك وإساءتك، جزاء وفاقا. فانتقم بعد ذلك، أو اعف، وأحسن أو اترك. فكما تدين تدان، وكما تفعل مع عباده يفعل معك. فمن تصور هذا المعنى، وشغل به فكره. هان عليه الإحسان إلى من أساء إليه.