Al-Tafsīr al-Qayyim - Ibn al-Qayyim - (548)

Al-Tafsīr al-QayyimIbn al-Qayyim

Thus, these verses contain three examples: one for the disbelievers and two for the believers.

The example concerning the disbelievers teaches that a disbeliever is punished for his disbelief and his enmity towards Allah, His Messenger and His allies. While he remains in disbelief, no bond of blood, marriage or any other connection with the believers will benefit him. All bonds will be severed on the Day of Resurrection except those connected to Allah alone through His messengers. Had kinship, affinity or marriage been of any benefit without faith, the bond between Noah and Lot and their wives would have benefited them. But neither could avail his wife at all against Allah, and they were told, “Enter the Fire with those who enter.” The verse thus cuts off the hopes of anyone who commits acts of disobedience to Allah, contravenes His command, and hopes that another person’s righteousness will benefit him, whether that person is a relative or not, even if they shared the closest of ties in this world. No bond is closer than that between children and parents or between spouses. Yet Noah could not avail his son, nor Abraham his father, nor Noah and Lot their wives, at all against Allah.

Allah Most High says:

60: 3 “Neither your relatives nor your children will benefit you. On the Day of Resurrection He will judge between you.”

And He says:

82: 19 “The Day when no soul will have any power to help another.”

And He says:

2: 48 “And fear a Day when no soul will avail another in any way.”

And He says:

31: 33 “And fear a Day when no parent will avail their child, nor will a child avail their parent in any way. Indeed, Allah’s promise is true.”

All of this refutes the false hopes of those who associate partners with Allah: that those on whom they rely besides Allah, through kinship, affinity, marriage or companionship, will benefit them on the Day of Resurrection, protect them from Allah’s punishment, or intercede for them with Allah. This is the root of humanity’s misguidance and their association of partners with Allah. It is the association of partners that Allah does not forgive. It is this that Allah sent all His messengers and revealed all His scriptures to invalidate, and to combat and oppose its adherents.

فاشتملت هذه الآيات على ثلاثة أمثال: مثل للكفار. ومثلين للمؤمنين. فيتضمن مثل الكفار أن الكافر يعاقب على كفره وعداوته لله ورسوله وأوليائه، ولا ينفعه مع كفره ما كان بينه وبين المؤمنين عن لحمة نسب، أو وصلة صهر، أو سبب من أسباب الاتصال. فإن الأسباب كلها تنقطع يوم القيامة إلا ما كان منها متصلا بالله وحده على أيدي رسله، فلو نفعت وصلة القرابة والمصاهرة أو النكاح مع عدم الايمان، لنفعت الوصلة التي كانت بين نوح ولوط وامرأتيهما فلما لم يغنيا عنهما من الله شيئا، وقيل: ادخلا النار مع الداخلين. قطعت الآية حينئذ طمع من ركب معصية الله، وخالف امره، ورجا أن ينفعه صلاح غيره من قريب أو أجنبي، ولو كان بينهما في الدنيا أشد الاتصال. فلا اتصال فوق اتصال البنوة والأبوة والزوجية، ولم يغن نوح عن ابنه، ولا إبراهيم عن أبيه، ولا نوح ولا لوط عن امرأتيهما من الله شيئا. قال الله تعالى: ٦٠: ٣ لَنْ تَنْفَعَكُمْ أَرْحامُكُمْ وَلا أَوْلادُكُمْ، يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَكُمْ وقال تعالى: ٨٢: ١٩ يَوْمَ لا تَمْلِكُ نَفْسٌ لِنَفْسٍ شَيْئاً وقال تعالى: ٢: ٤٨ وَاتَّقُوا يَوْماً لا تَجْزِي نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ شَيْئاً وقال: ٣١: ٣٣ وَاخْشَوْا يَوْماً لا يَجْزِي والِدٌ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ وَلا مَوْلُودٌ هُوَ جازٍ عَنْ والِدِهِ شَيْئاً. إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وهذا كله تكذيب لإطماع المشركين الباطلة: أن ما تعلقوا به من دون الله من قرابة، أو صهر، أو نكاح أو صحبة ينفعهم يوم القيامة، أو يجيرهم من عذاب الله، أو يشفع لهم عند الله. وهذا أصل ضلال بني آدم، وشركهم، وهو الشرك الذي لا يغفره الله. وهو الذي بعث الله جميع رسله وأنزل جميع كتبه بإبطاله، ومحاربة أهله، ومعاداتهم.