Surah al-Rūm
In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful.

[Surah al-Rūm (30): Verse 28]
“He sets forth for you an example from your own lives. Do you have, among those whom your right hands possess, any partners in what We have provided for you, so that you are equal in it, fearing them as you fear one another? Thus We explain the signs in detail for people who reason.” (28)

This is an argument by analogy, which Allah, glorified be He, used against the polytheists when they assigned Him partners from among those who serve Him and belong to Him. He established against them a proof whose validity they recognize from their own experience, without needing to consult anyone else.

Among the most compelling forms of argument is to confront a person with evidence drawn from himself, arguing against him on the basis of what he already knows and firmly acknowledges. Thus He said: “Do you have, among those whom your right hands possess”—your male and female slaves—any partners in your wealth and family? In other words, do your slaves share your wealth and families with you, so that you and they are equal in these matters? Do you fear that they will claim a share of your wealth, divide it with you, and use some of it to gain the upper hand over you, just as one partner fears another?

Ibn ‘Abbās said: “You fear that they will inherit from you, just as you inherit from one another.”