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The eighth approach: “Mercy” is a verbal noun, and just as verbal nouns are not put into the dual or plural, neither should they be treated as feminine. This approach is very weak. Wherever Allah—glory be to Him—mentions mercy, He uses feminine agreement with it, as in His words:
“My mercy encompasses all things, so I shall ordain it for those who fear Me.”
Likewise, His Messenger ﷺ relates that He said:
“My mercy has overcome—or preceded—My wrath.”
If the feminine ending were omitted from “mercy” because it is a verbal noun, and verbal nouns admit no feminine gender, any pronoun referring back to it would have to be masculine. The same would apply to verbal nouns ending in the feminine ending, such as qudra (power), irāda (will), hikma (wisdom), himma (resolve), and others like them. The invalidity of this consequence demonstrates the invalidity of this approach.
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The ninth approach: Qarīb has two meanings. The first concerns descent and kinship, in which case it takes the feminine ending: Fulāna qarība lī (“So-and-so is a female relative of mine”). The second concerns proximity in place, in which case it has no feminine ending: Jalasat fulāna qarīban minnī (“So-and-so sat near me”), not qarība minnī. This is the approach of al-Farrā’—may Allah have mercy on him—and a number of others. It too is weak, for this applies only when qarīb is used adverbially. In that case, it takes the masculine form, as he stated: “The woman sat near me,” using qarīban. When it is used purely as a noun, however, this does not hold.
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The tenth approach: Since the feminine gender of “mercy” is grammatical rather than natural, the feminine ending may be omitted, just as one may say either tala‘a al-shams or tala‘at al-shams (“The sun rose”). This approach is also unsound. Such variation is permissible only when the verb has an explicitly stated feminine noun as its subject. When its subject is a pronoun referring back to that noun, however, the feminine ending is required. Thus one says al-shams tala‘at (“The sun rose”). Likewise, one says al-shams tāli‘a (“The sun is rising”), not tāli‘, because the adjective contains a pronoun referring back to the sun; in this respect, it functions exactly like the verb.