and descend from Him with it; that righteous deeds ascend to Him; that He comes and arrives, speaks, is pleased, becomes angry, loves, calls out, rejoices, and laughs; that He hears and sees; and that the believers will see Him with their own eyes on the Day they meet Him—along with all the other things to which He has testified concerning Himself and to which His messengers have testified concerning Him. Yet the Jahmiyyah have testified to the opposite, saying, “Our testimony is truer and more just than the testimony of the revealed texts, for those texts conceal the truth and display its opposite.”
The testimony of the Lord Most High refutes these people most emphatically. It entails that He has explained, clarified, and made manifest what He has testified to, bringing it to the highest degree of clarity and evidentness. If the truth were what the deniers of His attributes and the Jahmiyyah claim, His servants would have gained no benefit from what He, glorified is He, has testified to. For, according to them, Allah has neither testified concerning Himself to what is actually true nor made it manifest or clear. On their account, His testimony would therefore not be true, and truth and certainty could not be derived from it.
As for His visible signs in creation, reflection upon them, and reasoning from them, they point to the same truths as His spoken signs received through hearing. The Lord’s signs are His proofs and demonstrations through which He makes Himself known to His servants. Through them, they come to know His names and attributes, His oneness, and His commands and prohibitions.
The messengers convey what He has said through the words He has spoken—His spoken signs—and substantiate this through His works, which bear witness to its truth and constitute His visible signs. Reason brings the two together and thus reaches certainty concerning the truth of what the messengers have brought. The testimony of hearing, sight, reason, and the innate disposition therefore agrees.
Because of His perfect justice, mercy, goodness, and wisdom, His love of allowing no grounds for excuse, and His establishment of proof, He, glorified is He, has never sent a prophet without a sign demonstrating the truthfulness of what he conveyed. The Most High says:
“We certainly sent Our messengers with clear proofs and sent down with them the Scripture and the balance, so that people might uphold justice.” [57:35]
The Most High also says:
“We sent before you only men to whom We revealed. So ask the people of knowledge if you do not know. [We sent them] with clear proofs and scriptures.” [16:43, 44]
And the Most High says:
“Say: Messengers came to you before me [3:183]