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These two parables contain profound lessons.
Among them is that someone who receives light from a fire receives it from an external source, not from within himself. When that fire goes out, he is left in darkness. So too is the hypocrite: because he professes faith with his tongue without belief, love, or firm conviction in his heart, whatever light he possesses is like something borrowed.
Another lesson is that a fire’s radiance requires a continuing supply of fuel to sustain it; that fuel is, as it were, the life of its radiance. Likewise, the light of faith requires beneficial knowledge and righteous deeds to sustain it, and it endures as long as they endure. Without this sustenance, faith is extinguished, just as a fire goes out when its fuel is exhausted.
Another lesson is that darkness is of two kinds: continuous darkness that was never preceded by light, and darkness that follows light. The latter is harsher and more distressing for whoever experiences it. The hypocrite’s darkness follows illumination, so his condition is likened to that of someone who kindles a fire, then finds himself in darkness after having light. The disbeliever, however, remains in darkness and has never emerged from it.
Another lesson is that this parable points to their condition in the Hereafter. They will be given an outward light, just as their light in this world was outward. Then it will be extinguished when they need it most, because it has no enduring sustenance to support it. They will be left in darkness on the bridge, unable to cross. No one can cross it without a steadfast light that remains with him until he reaches the other side. Unless that light is sustained by beneficial knowledge and righteous deeds, Allah Most High will take it away when its possessor needs it most. Thus, the parable about them in this world corresponds both to their condition in this abode and to their condition on the Day of Resurrection, when the light is apportioned.
From this we understand the significance of Allah Most High saying, “Allah took away their light,” rather than, “Allah made their light go away.”