he eats, spends, or enjoys, and looking at things entrusted to him that he must return to their owners, so that he can distinguish between them, and similar cases.
Forbidden looking includes looking lustfully at non-mahram women under any circumstances, and looking without lust except when there is a need, as in the case of a suitor, a prospective buyer, a party to a transaction, a witness, a judge, a physician, or a mahram relative.
Recommended looking includes reading books of religious knowledge that increase a person’s faith and knowledge; looking into the Quran and at the faces of righteous scholars and one’s parents; and contemplating Allah’s visible signs to recognize His oneness, know Him, and discern His wisdom.
Disliked looking is needless looking that serves no beneficial purpose. The eyes have their excesses just as the tongue does. How often have excessive glances led to excesses from which escape was difficult and for which no cure could be found! Some of the early Muslims said: They used to dislike needless looking just as they disliked needless speech.
Permissible looking is that which brings neither harm nor benefit, whether in this life or the Hereafter.
Forbidden looking also includes looking at what is private. This is of two kinds: private parts concealed beneath clothing, and private matters concealed behind doors.
If someone peers into the privacy concealed behind doors, and the person whose privacy is invaded throws something at him and puts out his eye, the latter bears no liability, and no compensation is due for the eye. This is explicitly established by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the hadith whose authenticity is agreed upon by al-Bukhārī and Muslim, even though some jurists have considered this position weak because the text did not reach them or because they interpreted it differently. This applies when the onlooker has no grounds that would permit him to look, such as a private concern of his own there that he is attending to, or a suspicious matter that he has been instructed or permitted to investigate.
As for obligatory tasting, this includes consuming food and drink when compelled by necessity and fearing death. If someone abstains until he dies, he dies sinful, having killed himself. Imām