you remain upright, we remain upright; and if you go astray, we go astray.” It is chiefly the harvest of their tongues that casts people face down into the Fire. Everything the tongue utters either pleases Allah and His Messenger or does not. If it does, speaking is preferable; otherwise, it is better avoided. This differs from the movements of the other limbs: a person benefits from moving them in permissible activities in which acting and refraining are equally balanced, because of the comfort and benefit they provide. He is therefore permitted to use them for what benefits him without harming him in the Hereafter. But moving the tongue in speech that brings no benefit can only be harmful. Reflect on this.
If it is objected, “The tongue may be used for some permissible worldly benefit in which acting and refraining are equally balanced, so using it should have the same ruling as that activity,” the answer is: speaking for that purpose is preferable when needed; when unnecessary, it is better avoided and brings him no benefit. It therefore counts against him, not for him.
If it is objected, “When acting and refraining are equally balanced, speaking as a means to that action must be likewise, since means take the same ruling as their ends,” the answer is: this does not necessarily follow. Something may be permissible—even obligatory—while the means to it is disliked. Fulfilling a vow to perform an act of obedience, for example, is obligatory, although its means—making the vow—is disliked and prohibited. Likewise, a disliked oath is better avoided, yet one must either fulfil it or offer expiation. Asking people for assistance when in need is also disliked, yet one may benefit from what the request brings. There are very many such examples. A means may involve some harm for which it is disliked or forbidden, while the end it serves is neither forbidden nor disliked.
Section
The five categories of worship involving the bodily faculties likewise comprise twenty-five divisions, for there are five senses, and each sense has five categories of worship. With regard to hearing, one must remain silent and listen attentively to whatever Allah and His Messenger have required one to hear, including