Nor may he enforce the payment of maintenance owed to relatives, since doing so requires independent legal reasoning, unless the judge has already decreed it; in that case, he may enforce its payment. Likewise, he has no authority to intervene in the care of minors whose care is obligatory until the judge has ruled on the matter. Once the judge has ruled, he may order that the care be undertaken according to the conditions required for it.
As for accepting bequests and deposits, he may not order specific individuals to accept them, but he may issue a general order to do so, encouraging cooperation in righteousness and piety, and the acceptance of deposits and bequests.
As for enjoining what is right in matters involving both the rights of Allah Most High and the rights of human beings, this includes requiring guardians to arrange marriages for women without husbands with suitable matches when those women request it, and requiring women to observe the rules of the waiting period when they separate from their husbands. He may discipline women who violate the waiting period, but he may not discipline guardians who refuse to arrange such marriages.
If someone denies a child whose affiliation to his mother’s marital bed and whose lineage have been established, he shall be held to the legal obligations of fatherhood and disciplined for the denial as a corrective measure. He shall also require masters to uphold the rights of male and female slaves and not burden them with work beyond their capacity. Likewise, he shall require owners of animals to provide them with fodder when they neglect to do so, and not use them for tasks beyond their capacity.
If someone takes in a foundling and falls short in caring for him, he shall order that person to fulfill the responsibilities incurred by taking him in, either by undertaking his care or by handing him over to someone who will undertake and fulfill it. Likewise, if someone takes in a stray animal and neglects it, he shall compel him either to care for it or to hand it over to someone who will do so. Due to his negligence, he is liable for the stray animal, but he is not liable for the foundling. If he hands the stray animal over to someone else, he remains liable for it.
As for forbidding wrongdoing, it is divided into three categories: the first is what pertains to the rights of Allah Most High; the second is what pertains to the rights of human beings; and the third is what is shared between the two rights.