Al-Ahkam al-SultaniyyahAl-Qadi Abu Ya’la Ibn al-Farra

Regarding the hybrid horse’s share, there are two reports. According to one, it receives the same as the shares assigned to purebred horses; according to the other, it receives two shares. If a man attended the battle with his horse, a share was assigned to it even if he did not fight upon it. If he left it in the camp, no share was assigned to it. If he attended the battle with several horses, he was given the share of two horses. If his horse died after he had attended the battle, a share was assigned to it; if it died before the battle, no share was assigned to it. The same applies if the rider himself was the one who died.

If reinforcements arrived before the fighting had ended, they were included with the others in the booty; but if they arrived after the fighting had ended, they were not included. Stipendiary troops and volunteer troops are treated equally in the division of the booty when all of them attended the battle.

If a group went on an expedition without the imam’s permission, what they acquired was subject to the khums, and the remainder belonged to them. According to another report, it was not subject to the khums, and all of it belonged to them. A third report states that they did not acquire ownership of it, as with the regular spoils of war.

If someone entered enemy territory under a safe-conduct, or if he was held captive among them and they released him and granted him safe-conduct, he may not betray them by attacking their persons or property; rather, he must guarantee their safety just as they guaranteed his.

If one of the combatants rendered exceptional service and his efforts had a marked effect because of his bravery and boldness, he receives his share of the booty on an equal footing with the others, and he is given an additional amount from the public-interest share on account of his service. If, according to one of the two reports, the commander deems it appropriate to favor him from the booty itself, he may do so.

وفي سهم الهجين روايتان: إحداهما: مثل سهام عتاق الخيل. والثانية: يعطى الهجين سهمان. وإذا شهد الواقعة بفرسه أسهم له وإن لمن يُقَاتِلْ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِذَا خَلَّفَهُ فِي الْعَسْكَرِ لَمْ يسهم له، وإذا حضر الوقعة بأفراس أعطي سهم فرسين. وَمَنْ مَاتَ فَرَسُهُ بَعْدَ حُضُورِ الْوَقْعَةِ أَسْهَمَ له، ومن مات قبلها لم يسهم له، وكذلك إن كان هو الميت. وإذا جاءهم مدد قبل انجلاء الحرب شركوهم في الغنيمة وغن جاءوا بعد انجلائها لم يشركوهم. ويستوي في قسمة الغنيمة بين مرتزقة والجيش وبين متطوعة إذَا شَهِدَ جَمِيعُهُمْ الْوَقْعَةَ. وَإِذَا غَزَا قَوْمٌ بغير إذا الإمام كان ماغنموه مخموسا والباقي لهم. وفيه رواية أخرى: لا يخمس وجميعه لهم. وفيه رواية أخرى ثالثة: لا يملك كالغنيمة. وإذا دخل دَارَ الْحَرْبِ بِأَمَانٍ، أَوْ كَانَ مَأْسُورًا مَعَهُمْ فَأَطْلَقُوهُ وَأَمَّنُوهُ. لَمْ يَجُزْ أَنْ يَغْتَالَهُمْ فِي نفس ولا مال، وعليه أن يؤمنهم كما أمنوه. وإذا كان في المقاتلة من هر غناؤه، وَأَثَّرَ بَلَاؤُهُ؛ لِشَجَاعَتِهِ وَإِقْدَامِهِ، أَخَذَ سَهْمَهُ مِنْ الْغَنِيمَةِ أُسْوَةَ غَيْرِهِ، وَزِيدَ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْمَصَالِحِ لأجل غنائه، وإن رأي تفضيله من سهم الغنيمة على إحدى الروايتين فله ذلك.

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