One of the pertinent considerations is this: every perfection that is possible for any existent must be either possible for the Necessary Being or impossible for Him. If it were impossible for Him, it would follow that no existent could ever possess perfection at all, for every existent is either necessary or contingent, and if the Necessary Being were unable to receive perfection, the contingent is a fortiori unable. Yet we have already defined the possible perfection for an existent as that which is wholly free of deficiency; hence it is inconceivable that such a perfection should be impossible for any existent.
If, then, this perfection is possible for Him, it must be either essential and inseparable from Him or merely contingent. Should it be essential, the possible perfection of an existent is thus essential to the Pre-Eternal, Exalted One—obligatory for Him—and that is exactly what we wished to establish. If, however, it is only contingent, its realization would depend on something else, and that something else would necessarily be more perfect than He, for the giver of perfection is superior to the receiver.
If that giver were one of His creatures, the created would thereby be more perfect than the Creator. Furthermore, in order to bestow perfection it must itself possess the attributes of perfection, which it can acquire only from one who is already perfect; thus it cannot be the giver without entailing an infinite regress of agents and efficient causes—an impossibility by the unanimous judgment of reason.
If, on the other hand, the supposed giver is not His creature, it must be a being necessary in and of itself. Should it be intrinsically endowed with the attributes of perfection, then it is the Lord-Creator, whereas the first entity would be merely something produced, devoid of perfection in itself—a servant, not a Lord. If neither is perfect in itself and each obtains perfection from the other, we are confronted with an impossible circularity. This is among the most compelling proofs of the oneness of Divine Lordship and that—