Al-ṢafadiyyahIbn Taimiya

Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“Who could be more unjust than one who fabricates a lie against Allah, or says, ‘It has been revealed to me,’ when nothing has been revealed to him; or who says, ‘I will send down the like of what Allah has sent down’? If only you could see the wrongdoers as they languish in the agonies of death while the angels stretch out their hands: ‘Surrender your souls! Today you shall be repaid with the torment of disgrace for what you used to say against Allah without right, and for your arrogance toward His signs.’”
(al-Anʿām 6:93)

And He, glorious is He, says:

“You have surely come to Us one by one, just as We created you the first time, and you have left behind everything We entrusted to you. Nor do We see with you the intercessors whom you claimed were partners with Allah. The bonds between you have been severed, and what you used to claim has deserted you.”
(al-Anʿām 6:94)

In short, the angels about whom Allah’s messengers have informed us—as they are described in the Qur’an, the Torah, the Gospel, and other prophetic reports—are entirely different from the incorporeal entities spoken of by the philosophers, namely the ten intellects and the nine souls. Anyone who ponders even briefly what has been related about the angels and what the philosophers assert about these abstractions knows by sheer necessity that the two are divergent in many respects. Thus anyone—be he of the Qarmati Batinis or the esotericists among the theologians and the Sufis—who tries to substitute one for the other and to reconcile the message of the messengers with the speculations of the philosophers is, if ignorant, among the most ignorant of people, and, if aware, among the most brazen of liars.

To merge these two systems is even more far-fetched than trying to reconcile the Torah—after its abrogation and alteration—with the Sharīʿah of the Qur’an. For the philosophers claim that the “First Intellect” originated everything other than the Lord, and that all else is a caused and dependent effect of it; and that the “Active Intellect” originated all that lies beneath the heavens, while it too is a caused and dependent effect of the first. Even Muslim children know that this is a blatant denial of what the messengers brought, for nowhere in their speech is it said that an angel

أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ وَلَمْ يُوحَ إِلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ قَالَ سَأُنْزِلُ مِثْلَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذِ الظَّالِمُونَ فِي غَمَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ بَاسِطُو أَيْدِيهِمْ أَخْرِجُوا أَنْفُسَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ غَيْرَ الْحَقِّ وَكُنْتُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِهِ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ} (سورة الأنعام ٩٣) وقال: {وَلَقَدْ جِئْتُمُونَا فُرَادَى كَمَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَتَرَكْتُمْ مَا خَوَّلْنَاكُمْ وَرَاءَ ظُهُورِكُمْ وَمَا نَرَى مَعَكُمْ شُفَعَاءَكُمُ الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّهُمْ فِيكُمْ شُرَكَاءُ لَقَدْ تَقَطَّعَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَضَلَّ عَنْكُمْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ} وبالجملة الملائكة الذين أخبر رسل الله عنهم كما ذكرهم الله في القرآن والتوراة والإنجيل وغير ذلك من أخبار الأنبياء من تدبر بعض ما ذكر عنهم وما تقوله المتفلسفة في المجردات العقول العشرة والنفوس التسعة علم بالاضطرار أن هذا مباين لهم من وجوه كثيرة وأن كل من رام من القرامطة الباطنية أو باطنية أهل الكلام والتصوف أن يجعل هذا مكان هذا ويجمع بين ما أخبرت به الرسل وما ذكرته الفلاسفة كان من أجهل الناس إن لم يعرف وأعظمهم تعمدا للكذب إن عرف. والجمع بين هذا وهذا أبعد من الجمع بين شريعة التوراة بعد النسخ والتبديل وبين شريعة القرآن فإن هؤلاء يزعمون أن العقل الأول أبدع كل ما سوى الرب وكل ما سواه معلول مربوب له والعقل الفعال أبدع كل ما تحت السماء وهو معلول ومربوب له وهذا مما يعلم صبيان المسلمين أنه تكذيب صريح لما جاءت به الرسل ليس في كلام الرسل أن ملكا

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