Al-ṢafadiyyahIbn Taimiya

He said:

"This becomes even clearer with respect to contingent existents for which no first originated member is assumed."

He said:

"Should a skeptic raise the following objection: ‘An originated contingent being is affirmed only through a cause, and that cause must be one of two things: either it is perpetually the cause of the being’s persistence, or its becoming the cause of that persistence occurred anew. If it has always been the cause of its persistence, then the contingent being would not be originated, whereas we have stipulated that it is. If, however, its becoming the sustaining cause is itself something that began, then the very fact that it is a cause of persistence—and the relation it bears to the effect—also requires another cause to maintain it once the cause that first produced that relation has come into play; for the relation between them arose on account of something, and therefore must continue on account of something. The same reasoning applies to this subsequent cause just as it did to the first. Consequently, one is compelled to posit an infinite series of contingent causes existing simultaneously.’"

قال: "وهذا في ممكنات الوجود التي لا تفرض حادثة أولى وأظهر" . قال: "فإن تشكك متشكك وسأل فقال إنه لما كان إنما يثبت الممكن الحادث بعلة وتلك العلة لا تخلو إما أن تكون دائما علة لثباته أو حدث كونها علة لثباته فإن كانت دائما علة لثباته وجب أن لا يكون الممكن حادثا وقد وضعناه حادثا فإن حدث كونها علة لثباته فيحتاج أيضا كونه علة لثباته والنسبة التي له إليه إلى علة أخرى لثباته بعد العلة المحدثة لهذه النسبة فإن النسبة التي بينهما قد كانت بسبب ما فيجب أن يدوم ويبقى بسبب والكلام في الأخرى كالكلام في الأولى فهذا بعينه يوجب وضع العلل الممكنة الحادثة معا بلا نهاية" .

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