Al-Tadmuriyya - Ibn Taimiya - (175)

“Did We ever appoint, beside the Most Compassionate, any deities to be worshipped?” (43:45).

He likewise recounts of His messengers—Noah, Hūd, Ṣāliḥ, and the rest—that they said to their people: “Worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him” (e.g., 7:59, 65, 73).

About the People of the Cave He says: “Indeed they were young men who believed in their Lord, so We increased them in guidance • We strengthened their hearts when they rose and declared, ‘Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth; we will never call upon any god apart from Him, for then we would have uttered an outrageous falsehood. • These our people have taken gods other than Him—why do they not bring for them a clear proof? Who is more unjust than one who fabricates a lie against Allah?’” (18:13-15).

The Exalted has also said: “Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him, but He forgives whatever is less than that for whomever He wills” (4:48, 116).

He has thus clarified in His Book every form of shirk (associating partners with Allah): shirk with the angels, shirk with the prophets, shirk with the celestial bodies, and shirk with idols—the root of all of it being shirk with Satan. Concerning the Christians He states: “They have taken their rabbis and monks as lords apart from Allah, as well as the Messiah son of Mary, though they were commanded to worship only One God. There is no deity except Him; exalted is He above what they associate” (9:31). And He, the Most High, also says:

رُّسُلِنَا أَجَعَلْنَا مِن دُونِ الرَّحْمَنِ آلِهَةً يُعْبَدُونَ﴾ ، وذكر عن رسله: كنوح وهود وصالح وغيرهم أنهم قالوا لقومهم: ﴿اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ﴾ ، وقال عن أهل الكهف: ﴿إِنَّهُمْ فِتْيَةٌ آمَنُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ وَزِدْنَاهُمْ هُدىً • وَرَبَطْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ إِذْ قَامُوا فَقَالُوا رَبُّنَا رَبُّ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ لَن نَّدْعُوَا مِن دُونِهِ إِلَهًا لَّقَدْ قُلْنَا إِذًا شَطَطًا • هَؤُلاَءِ قَوْمُنَا اتَّخَذُوا مِن دُونِهِ آلِهَةً لَّوْلاَ يَأْتُونَ عَلَيْهِم بِسُلْطَانٍ بَيِّنٍ فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا﴾ ، وقد قال ﷾: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَن يَشَاءُ﴾ ذكر ذلك في موضعين من كتابه. وقد بين في كتابه الشرك بالملائكة، والشرك بالأنبياء، والشرك بالكواكب، والشرك بالأصنام - وأصل الشرك، الشرك بالشيطان - فقال عن النصارى: ﴿اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ بْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلاَّ لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ﴾ وقال تعالى: