They also debated the following: if one performs saʿy before the tawāf and then leaves Mecca without returning to put matters in order, is a blood sacrifice required or not?
They differed as well over the pilgrim who departs ʿArafah before sunset:
• Al-Shāfiʿī and Aḥmad ruled that if he comes back and leaves after sunset, no blood sacrifice is due; but if he does not return until dawn breaks, the sacrifice becomes obligatory.
• Abū Ḥanīfah and al-Thawrī held that a blood sacrifice is incumbent whether or not he returns. (This has already been mentioned.)
They likewise disagreed about someone who stands within ʿUranah while at ʿArafah:
• Al-Shāfiʿī said: his pilgrimage is invalid.
• Mālik said: a blood sacrifice is due.
The root of the disagreement is whether the prohibition of stopping there constitutes an absolute ban or merely a disliked act. In the chapter on the rites of pilgrimage through to their completion we have already detailed many of their disputes over what omissions entail a blood sacrifice and what do not, and although logical order would place that material here, it was more convenient to present it earlier.
The Qāḍī said: Up to this point we have explained the obligation of this act of worship—upon whom it falls, the conditions for its obligation, and the time at which it becomes due—matters that serve as preliminaries for understanding the rite itself. We then discussed its appointed times and places, its prohibitions, and the various acts that belong to each specific location and particular time until the rite comes to an end. After that we examined the rulings governing release from consecration, what can be rectified by expiatory offerings, and what cannot be rectified but necessitates repetition; we also outlined when such repetition is required.
This section likewise encompasses the case of one who enters the rite but is prevented from completing it by illness, hostile forces, or other causes.
What remains of the pilgrimage acts is the matter of the sacrificial offering (hady). Because this category of worship forms an integral part of the pilgrimage and merits separate consideration, we shall now address it.
[Discussion of the Sacrificial Offering]