for it is established that the Messenger of Allah—may blessings and peace be upon him—intended to observe retreat during the last ten nights of Ramadan but did not manage to do so, whereupon he completed ten days in Shawwal instead. As for a retreat that has become obligatory by vow, there is—so far as I know—no disagreement that it must be made up. The majority also hold that whoever commits a major sin has his iʿtikāf thereby broken.

This, then, is the sum of what we deemed sufficient to set down regarding the principles and governing rules of this chapter. Allah is the One who grants success and aid, and may He bestow abundant blessings and peace upon our master Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.