Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

of a fifth and a quarter of a quarter of a fifth. This would be deducted from the one hundred and forty-five and two and a half eighths that each had paid, leaving each having paid one hundred and eighteen and three-fifths and three-quarters of a fifth—the same as he had paid. For he would have paid them one hundred and six and one-fifth and a quarter of a fifth, having already paid twelve and a half to the fourth man, as we have explained. The total would therefore be one hundred and eighteen and three-fifths and three-quarters of a fifth, the same as each of them had paid.

If, however, they encountered him separately, one after another, each would recover from him what he had paid under his guarantee towards that man’s own share, together with half of what he had paid on behalf of his absent fellow purchaser, since he shared the guarantee with him for that amount. This would be after deducting what that man had likewise paid under his guarantee, as we explained earlier. When the four of them subsequently meet, they would recover the appropriate amounts from one another until they had borne equal amounts, just as if all four had encountered him. They would recover the appropriate amounts from one another until they had borne equal amounts, just as if all four had encountered him together, as we have explained.

Section

If the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth men together encounter the sixth—after their payments have been equalized, with each having paid one hundred and eighteen and three-fifths and three-quarters of a fifth, as we have described—and the fifth man had previously recovered six and a quarter from him, they would recover ninety-three and three-quarters from him. They would divide this equally among the five of them, each receiving eighteen and three-fifths and three-quarters of a fifth. Each had previously paid one hundred and eighteen and three-fifths and three-quarters of a fifth. Thus each would have paid one hundred apiece, as required of them towards the original debt.

The sixth man had also previously paid six and a quarter to the fifth. Together with the ninety-three and three-quarters that he would now pay to all of them, this would amount to one hundred, as required of him towards the original debt. They would thus all have borne equal amounts.

If, however, they encountered him separately, one after another, each would recover from him what he had paid on his behalf towards the original debt, together with half of what he had paid on his behalf under the guarantee. Then, when they meet

الخمس وربع ربع الخمس، فيسقط ذلك من المائة والخمسة والأربعين والثمنين والنصف الثمن الذي أدى، فيكون الباقي الذي أدى كل واحد منهم مائة وثمانية عشر وثلاثة أخماس وثلاثة أرباع الخمس - كما أدى هو؛ لأنه أدى إليهم مائة وستة وخمسا وربع خمس؛ وكان قد أدى اثني عشر ونصفا - للرابع كما وصفناه، فالجميع مائة وثمانية عشر وثلاثة أخماس، وثلاثة أرباع الخمس؛ كما أدى كل واحد منهم؛ ولو لقوه مفترقين واحدا بعد واحد، لرجع كل واحد منهم عليه بما أدى عنه بالحمالة في خاصته وبنصف ما أدى عن صاحبه الغائب؛ لأنه حميل معه به بعد أن يسقط من ذلك ما أدى هو أيضا بالحمالة على ما بيناه فيما تقدم؛ فإذا التقوا أربعتهم رجع بعضهم على بعض حتى يعتدلوا فيما أدوه، بمنزلة أن لو لقوه أربعتهم، رجع بعضهم على بعض حتى يعتدلوا فيما أدوه بمنزلة أن لو لقوه أربعتهم معا على ما فسرناه. فصل فإن لقي الأول والثاني والثالث والرابع والخامس معا بعد أن استووا، في الغرم، فصار على كل واحد منهم مائة وثمانية عشرة وثلاثة أخماس وثلاثة أرباع الخمس على ما وصفناه - السادس الذي رجع عليه الخامس بستة وربع، فإنهم يرجعون عليه بثلاثة وتسعين وثلاثة أرباع، فيقتسمونها بينهم خمستهم بالسواء، فيصير لكل واحد منهم ثمانية عشر وثلاثة أخماس وثلاثة أرباع الخمس وقد كان أدى مائة وثمانية عشر وثلاثة أخماس، وثلاثة أرباع الخمس. فيصير الذي أدى كل واحد منهم مائة، مائة - كما وجب عليهم من أصل الدين، وقد كان السادس أدى أيضا إلى الخامس ستة وربعا، فصار ذلك بالثلاثة والتسعين والثلاثة الأرباع التي أدى الآن إلى جميعهم - مائة كما وجب عليه من أصل الدين فاعتدل جميعهم في الغرم، ولو لقوه مفترقين - واحدا بعد واحد، لرجع كل واحد منهم عليه بما أدى عنه من أصل الدين، وبنصف ما أدى عنه بالحمالة؛ فإذا التقوا

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